![]() The main functions for the Spike protein are summarized as: Mediate receptor binding and membrane fusion Defines the range of the hosts and specificity of the virus Main component to bind with the neutralizing antibody Key target for vaccine design Can be transmitted between different hosts through gene recombination or mutation of the receptor binding domain (RBD), leading to a higher mortality rate. The S protein plays key parts in the induction of neutralizing-antibody and T-cell responses, as well as protective immunity. S2 contains basic elements needed for the membrane fusion. S1 mainly contains a receptor binding domain (RBD), which is responsible for recognizing the cell surface receptor. The spike protein is a large type I transmembrane protein containing two subunits, S1 and S2. It's been reported that SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19 coronavirus, 2019-nCoV) can infect the human respiratory epithelial cells through interaction with the human ACE2 receptor. The spike (S) glycoprotein of coronaviruses is known to be essential in the binding of the virus to the host cell at the advent of the infection process. The term 'peplomer' is typically used to refer to a grouping of heterologous proteins on the virus surface that function together. The spike is essential for both host specificity and viral infectivity. Known receptors bind S1 are ACE2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 DPP4, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 APN, aminopeptidase N CEACAM, carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 Sia, sialic acid O-ac Sia, O-acetylated sialic acid. The spike (S) glycoprotein of coronaviruses contains protrusions that will only bind to certain receptors on the host cell. Special Offer: Custom Recombinant Antibody Production Service.Free Sample of Premium Quality Cytokines and Growth Factors.Producing Challenging Proteins in the Golden Age of Protein Engineering.Sino Biological Europe: A New Face in the European Life Science Market.The Evolution of Recombinant Antibodies.Industry Insights with Yuning Chen on Recombinant Proteins.ExpertAnswers: Yuning Chen on Antibody Production.Universal Vaccine Advancement through AI and Recombinant Technology.Nanobodies: An Important Tool for the Next Generation of Tumor Diagnostics and Therapeutics.Common Cytokine Receptor Signaling Pathway Fixed an issue where after resurrecting some very old sequences you could be forced to save when closing if SnapGene was configured to update older files automatically.Beacon ® Single B Cell Screening Service.Recombinant Antibody Production Services.Mammalian Transient Expression Services.SARS-CoV-2 Variant Detection Antibodies.Immunodetection for Pan Influenza NP Antigens.SARS-CoV-2 Prefusion Trimeric Spike Variant.
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